Life is hard. This podcast will help. Lessons from the greatest thinkers on the planet with Chris Williamson. Including guests like David Goggins, Dr Jordan Peterson, Naval Ravikant, Sam Harris, Jocko Willink, Dr Andrew Huberman, Dr Julie Smith, Steven Bartlett, Ryan Holiday, Robert Greene, Matthew McConaughey, Alain de Botton, Alex Hormozi, Tony Robbins, Chris Bumstead, Mark Manson and more.

#1066 - Dr Kathryn Paige Harden - The Genetics of Evil: Are People Born Bad?

Modern Wisdom

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Behavioral Genetics Backlash and Public Understanding: Dr. Harden describes the intense controversy following her previous book publication, where some academics mischaracterized her work in ways she found alienating. She distinguishes between productive conversations with general readers who found her genetics research helpful for understanding themselves, versus academic critics who seemed to deliberately misinterpret her arguments. This highlights how behavioral genetics remains a contentious field despite its scientific grounding.

The 4 Million Person Study on Risk-Taking Genetics: Dr. Harden's research team analyzed DNA from 4 million people to identify genes associated with seven risk-taking behaviors including ADHD, early sexual activity, multiple sexual partners, marijuana use, problematic alcohol use, smoking, and self-described risk-taking. These behaviors represent "disinhibition" - actions that violate social rules or norms. The study found genetic variants that predispose people toward this general pattern of behavior across their entire lifespan.

Evolutionary Roots of Aggression and Self-Domestication: Humans have essentially "self-domesticated" compared to our closest primate relatives, showing less aggression and more cooperation across all demographics. However, some level of risk-taking and rule-breaking remains evolutionarily beneficial - entrepreneurs who succeeded often had histories of teenage delinquency. This creates tension between society's need for cooperation and its need for outliers who push boundaries and drive innovation.

High Heritability of Antisocial Behavior: Childhood antisocial behavior, particularly when accompanied by callous-unemotional traits (lack of remorse or empathy), shows heritability estimates around 80% - nearly as high as schizophrenia. Children who hurt others without feeling guilty represent one of the most genetically influenced forms of mental health problems, yet we have the fewest effective treatments for them. This creates profound challenges for families and society.

The Punishment Paradox for Antisocial Children: Highly antisocial children elicit harsh punishment from adults as a natural response, yet these are precisely the children most vulnerable to negative effects from harsh punishment. Like rats that keep pressing a lever despite shocks, some people are reward-sensitive but not punishment-sensitive, creating a vicious cycle where increased punishment actually worsens outcomes by destroying the only potential lever for change - connection and relationship.

The X-Chromosome and the MAOA Case: Research into X-chromosome genes may reveal sex-specific effects on antisocial behavior. A famous case study of a Dutch family with a rare MAOA gene mutation showed all affected men (with one X chromosome) committed serious violent crimes while their sisters (with two X chromosomes) were unaffected. This demonstrates how profoundly a single genetic change can disrupt moral capacity, suggesting many violent offenders may have undiscovered biological explanations.

Retribution as an Evolved Pleasure Response: Brain scanning studies show that witnessing punishment of perceived wrongdoers activates the same reward pathways (dopamine release in the ventral striatum) as eating, sex, and other evolutionarily important behaviors. This suggests retribution is an evolved cooperation-enforcement mechanism. People will literally pay money to see someone who violated norms be punished, and children develop this impulse by age five.

Rethinking Punishment Without Abandoning Accountability: Dr. Harden distinguishes between accountability (enforcing rules and preventing future harm) and punishment (deliberately making someone suffer as retribution). She argues against retributive suffering while maintaining the need for accountability. The Norwegian approach to Anders Breivik's mass shooting exemplifies holding someone maximally accountable while recognizing their humanity and refusing to let retributive impulses corrupt society's values.

The Free Will Question as a Practical Dead End: Rather than debating whether free will exists philosophically, Dr. Harden focuses on how genetic and environmental factors shape culpability in practice. People reason differently about genetic versus environmental causes of harm - genetic explanations often increase rather than decrease punitive attitudes because they suggest the person is inherently dangerous, not just shaped by circumstances.

Genetic Essentialism Versus Genetic Determinism: People can switch between viewing genes as causing behavior (determinism, potentially mitigating blame) and viewing genes as revealing someone's true, fixed nature (essentialism, increasing blame). This "genetic essentialism" treats DNA as a modern stand-in for the soul or essence, making genetic explanations sometimes backfire by suggesting someone is "bad to the bone" rather than shaped by luck.

The Complexity of Motherhood and Genetic Lottery: Having children represents an "optimistic gamble" with roughly 70 trillion possible genetic combinations from each set of parents. Dr. Harden describes her children as fundamentally different from each other and from her - people she "met" through the luck of genetic recombination. This reinforces that reproduction doesn't create copies but produces genuinely new individuals shaped by forces beyond anyone's control.

Epigenetics: Real Science Versus Cultural Myths: While cultural discussions often treat epigenetics as explaining trauma inheritance or negating genetic influence, the actual science is more limited and uncertain. DNA methylation can record environmental impacts at the cellular level and persist across cell division, but childhood represents peak epigenetic plasticity. Genuine epigenetic inheritance across generations in humans remains controversial and difficult to study.

Embryo Selection and Reproductive Autonomy: Dr. Harden supports reproductive autonomy while expressing concern about embryo selection companies potentially overstating certainty, and how choice changes social solidarity. When conditions become "preventable" through screening, society may shift from supporting affected families to judging parents who "chose" to have children with those conditions. The transition from chance to choice fundamentally alters our relationships with reproduction and disability.

The Masculinity Containment Question: The conversation explores whether modern society's domesticated norms require disproportionate emotional containment from men, who on average have stronger predispositions toward aggression, risk-taking, and dominance. This "additional price" men pay for behavioral conformity often goes unrecognized, similar to how women's "double shift" of domestic labor was historically invisible. However, the overlapping distributions between sexes complicate clear-cut claims about unfairness.

The Looksmaxxing Phenomenon as Genetic Nihilism: Young men pursuing extreme appearance modification to maximize attractiveness signals, sometimes at the cost of fertility, represents a kind of "genetic nihilism." When combined with declining in-person socialization and the mediation of all social connection through screens, this optimization for two-dimensional presentation fails to develop the actual competence, attachment, and relationship-building capacities that evolution designed humans for.

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You might think you know what it takes to lead a happier life… more money, a better job, or Instagram-worthy vacations. You’re dead wrong. Yale professor Dr. Laurie Santos has studied the science of happiness and found that many of us do the exact opposite of what will truly make our lives better. Based on the psychology course she teaches at Yale -- the most popular class in the university’s 300-year history -- Laurie will take you through the latest scientific research and share some surprising and inspiring stories that will change the way you think about happiness.

Inside the Love Lab with Drs. John & Julie Gottman (Part 1)

The Happiness Lab with Dr. Laurie Santos

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The Power of Small Moments and Bids for Connection: The Gottmans' research reveals that love happens in small, everyday moments rather than grand gestures. When one partner makes a "bid" for attention (like pointing out a bird or sharing a dream), the other can respond in three ways: turning toward (engaging with interest), turning away (ignoring), or turning against (responding hostilely). Couples who stayed together turned toward bids 86% of the time, while those who divorced only did so 33% of the time. These small moments accumulate into either a full emotional bank account or a barren one that leaves people feeling lonely.

Maintaining Curiosity About Your Partner: Successful relationships require ongoing curiosity about who your partner is becoming. While couples often ask many questions during courtship, they stop once they assume they know everything about their partner. However, people are constantly evolving through new experiences, and the Gottmans recommend continuing to ask open-ended questions throughout the relationship. They practice this themselves through weekly date nights at a Seattle hotel and annual "honeymoons" where they review the year together.

The Five-to-One Positivity Ratio During Conflict: Master couples maintain a ratio of five positive interactions to every one negative interaction even during conflict discussions. This includes showing interest, curiosity, agreement, and understanding. Couples headed for divorce had a ratio of only 0.8—slightly more negativity than positivity. The first three minutes of how a complaint is brought up predicts not only how that conversation will go, but also the relationship's trajectory six years later with over 90% accuracy.

Noticing and Appreciating What's Going Right: Research shows that when relationships aren't going well, people miss 50% of the positive things their partners do. The Gottmans recommend developing a habit of actively looking for what your partner is doing right and expressing appreciation for it. This practice, like Julie thanking John every morning for making coffee for 37 years, not only strengthens the relationship but also reduces stress and makes people nicer overall.

The Importance of Expressing Needs Clearly: Many people expect their partners to read their minds rather than clearly stating their needs, which leads to resentment. The cultural message of "pull yourself up by your bootstraps" makes people feel weak for having needs, but humans are fundamentally interdependent. Expressing needs in a positive way—telling your partner how they can shine for you—creates strength through interdependency and makes partners feel valued and trusted.

The Three-Step Formula for Bringing Up Complaints: When raising an issue, successful couples follow this formula: (1) State what you feel using genuine emotions like "I feel frustrated," (2) Describe the situation (not who is at fault), such as "that the bills haven't been paid," and (3) Express a positive need—what you do want rather than what you don't want. This approach avoids criticism and allows your partner to be helpful rather than defensive.

The Science Behind Relationship Research: John Gottman pioneered studying real couples in laboratory settings starting in 1976, video recording their interactions and following up years later to see which couples stayed together. By observing thousands of couples over decades, he and Julie identified patterns that distinguish "masters" from "disasters" of relationships. Their "Love Lab" studied 130 newlywed couples through pregnancy and early parenthood, revealing crucial insights about relationship trajectories.

The Impact of Modern Distractions on Connection: Technology and screens create significant barriers to connection. The image of people sitting together at a cafe all looking at their phones rather than each other represents missed opportunities for interaction, laughter, and sharing. Being present for your partner's bids—even pausing from checking email for a few seconds—matters more to your relationship than almost any other task competing for your attention.

Trust as the Foundation of Lasting Love: The conflicts of newlywed couples are fundamentally about trust—whether your partner will be there for you when you're sick, depressed, triumphant, or stressed. Building trust means showing up consistently for your partner across all emotional states. Couples who build strong trust tend to have deeper commitment and longer-lasting relationships. The research shows connected relationships can help people live about 17 years longer than disconnected ones.

The Reality of Differences and the Need for Humility: Every couple consists of two unique individuals with different personalities, preferences, and backgrounds. Rather than seeking perfection in a partner, successful couples practice humility by recognizing their own flaws while tolerating their partner's differences. Julie's example of dealing with John's book collecting demonstrates how acknowledging your own imperfections helps you approach your partner's quirks with patience rather than criticism.

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EVERY MONDAY A NEW EPISODE.

I READ ALL MY EMAILS - contact form on my website - www.bogumilbaranowski.com. TELL ME YOUR STORY. 

I’m Bogumil Baranowski, an author, a TEDx speaker, an investor, and an investment advisor to families and individuals.

Intimate conversations about money, wealth, and living a rich and fulfilling life. 

We talk about big ideas, big inspirations, big topics. We take on the hardest subject of all – money: how to make it, save it, keep it, but our conversations lead us to an even bigger question — what it means to live a rich life beyond money. NOT INVESTMENT ADVICE.

Mark McCartney: What Does a Good Life Actually Look Like? | He Rang the Bell at the NYSE—Then Walked Away & 300 Conversations That Changed Everything

Talking Billions with Bogumil Baranowski

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From the New York Stock Exchange to the Sacred Valley: Mark McCartney walked away from a career high—ringing the bell at the NYSE—because he felt like an imposter among people who genuinely loved their work. Despite passing the CFA Level I, he realized finance wasn't his calling. When offered a 40% pay increase later, he had a profound moment during a body scan meditation that gave him total clarity to decline. Within weeks, he and his wife sold everything and moved to Peru's Sacred Valley with just two backpacks, seeking space to discover what he was truly meant to do.

Meeting His Wife in India Through Synchronicity: Mark took a sabbatical to India at 32 to explore meditation and ashrams, staying in places like McLeod Ganj. After being scammed by a rickshaw driver who restructured his trip, he spent days angry during Vipassana meditation. But that same scam led him to bump into a German woman, and within five weeks he proposed. Ten years later, they're still married with a daughter, proving some impulsive decisions can be trusted.

The Power of Presence as a Foundation for a Good Life: Through nearly 300 podcast interviews asking "What is a good life?", Mark discovered that people experiencing a good life often had significant hardships—divorce, addiction, depression, even jail. What distinguished them was presence: fully inhabiting their own existence rather than constantly projecting into the future or past. He emphasizes that presence means experiencing the full range of life, like simultaneously witnessing his 2-year-old daughter's joy and his mother-in-law's dementia in the same room.

Authenticity as Inner and Outer Coherence: Mark defines authenticity not as sharing everything transparently, but as achieving coherence between inner experience and outer expression. He references Tom Morgan's insight: "When I said something my heart didn't believe to be true, it hurt." This isn't about unfiltered disclosure but about not interfering with one's genuine experience through pretense. The psychic toll of pretending something is important when you don't believe it to be is significant.

Silent Conversations as a Practice for Deeper Connection: Mark facilitates "silent conversations" where groups of strangers or leadership teams sit together in silence for 10-45 minutes before speaking. When they finally talk, they share what they experienced in the silence rather than introducing themselves professionally. This practice reveals that intimacy comes from sharing present-moment vulnerability—like noticing your hand was clenched then relaxed—rather than recounting big traumas. The silence creates space for genuine connection beyond words.

Transforming Leadership Through Radical Presence: Mark works with leadership teams to move from performative to genuine authenticity by creating conditions where people can speak truthfully without interruption. He bans mobile phones and gives extensive time for reflection. When defenses lower in this environment, statements like "I don't trust you right now" become productive conversation starters rather than threats. He believes most dysfunction comes from poor conditions rather than poor people—teams usually want the same outcomes but lack context and space.

Intellectual Understanding Versus Embodied Wisdom: Mark calls intellectual understanding a "consolation prize" compared to embodied truth. He recalls how insufferable he became after reading Eckhart Tolle, spouting concepts about ego and pain body while still being highly reactive. Real transformation happens when you stop sharing theory and start sharing lived experience. Knowing your triggers intellectually doesn't prevent you from being triggered—that requires deeper integration over time.

The Individual Nature of a Good Life: Mark never sought universal answers through his interviews but wanted to demonstrate that a good life is deeply personal. He had two back-to-back interviews where one person said a good life means not getting too high or low, while the next said it means fully feeling highs and lows. He embraces Muhammad Ali's quote about wasting 30 years if you see the world at 50 the same as at 20—the definition of a good life should evolve.

Belonging Through Tending to Local Community: Having lived in Dublin, Vancouver, Peru, India, and now Berlin, Mark has a fluid relationship with national identity—his mother tongue is Irish, but his daughter's will be German. Rather than seeking belonging through nationality, he finds it through daily attention to people in his immediate environment. An old Peruvian woman who made genuine eye contact when saying "buenos dias" gave him a profound sense of home and relationship despite minimal shared language.

The Podcast as Sacred Space for Uninterrupted Intimacy: Both Mark and Bogumil reflect on how podcast conversations create something rare—an hour of uninterrupted, deeply present dialogue that's nearly impossible to replicate in restaurants where waiters interrupt or in public spaces. This intimate hour exists not just between host and guest but extends to listeners on their walks, creating a metaphysical connection across time and space that feels more intimate than having the same conversation with a thousand people in an auditorium.

Transactional Versus Relational Living: Mark distinguishes between viewing people transactionally versus relationally, noting that even cold calling in finance could be human if transparent about intent. However, relational living—investing genuinely in others with long-term trust rather than seeking immediate extraction—creates more aliveness and satisfaction. Bogumil shares an analogy about playing tennis to keep the ball in play versus playing to win, illustrating how shifting from infinite to finite games changes energy completely.

Success as Caring, Connection, and Support: Mark defines success as spending days doing something he genuinely cares about (even if challenging), being with people he loves, and having the financial foundation to support this lifestyle. He notes the past few years have been about finding the sweet spot of this expression—"the labor of love, the challenge, the joy, the uncertainty, the finding out"—and feels he's created a foundation to enjoy for many more years.

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🏆 #1 podcast in the Top 100 Health Tech All-time chartsJoin us every Monday for conversations with the biggest names in digital health. Hosted by digital health veterans Halle Tecco, Michael Esquivel, and Steve Kraus.Learn more and submit your ideas for the show at the <a href="http://heartofgealthcarepodcast.com/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Heart of Healthcare</a> website.

📣 Digital Health Download: March 2026

The Heart of Healthcare | A Digital Health Podcast

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Direct-to-Consumer Drug Advertising Debate: Last month saw a record number of digital health ads during the Super Bowl, primarily from virtual prescribing platforms like Hims and Hers and pharmaceutical companies. The US is one of only two countries (along with New Zealand) that allows direct-to-consumer pharma advertising. Research shows that while advertising does change behavior—patients request specific drugs and physicians prescribe them more often—a 2023 JAMA study found that nearly three-quarters of the most heavily advertised drugs did not offer meaningfully added benefit over older alternatives. Lawmakers on both sides are now proposing restrictions ranging from full bans to waiting periods of three years after FDA approval before allowing advertising, though any sweeping ban would face First Amendment commercial speech challenges.

Hims & Hers Global Expansion and GLP-1 Controversy: Hims & Hers announced the $1.15 billion acquisition of Australian digital health platform Eucalyptus, following last year's UK-based Zava acquisition. This global expansion strategy is unusual for healthcare delivery companies, which typically remain local or regional due to regulatory and licensing variations. However, the company faces significant challenges: its stock is down 51% this year, partly due to a Novo Nordisk lawsuit alleging patent infringement on unapproved compounded GLP-1 weight loss drugs. The situation worsened when FDA Commissioner Makary specifically named Hims & Hers in announcing action against non-FDA-approved compounded GLP-1 drugs. The company immediately stopped selling its compounded version of Wegovy following the announcement.

Legal Framework for Compounded Drugs: The FDA allows compounding pharmacies to produce customized drug versions when drugs are on the official shortage list, which is how GLP-1 prescribing platforms initially operated during Ozempic shortages. However, these compounded drugs do not undergo FDA review for safety or efficacy, meaning there's no verified data on quality or outcomes. With branded supply no longer constrained and Novo Nordisk launching an oral weight loss product at $149 per month, continuing to sell compounded versions—particularly at scale with Super Bowl advertising—was legally questionable.

Biotech IPO Market Returns: The biotech IPO market is experiencing a resurgence after struggling for years. In early February, four companies—Eikon Therapeutics, Icon Therapeutics, Spyglass Pharma, and Vera Dermix—went public, raising nearly $1 billion combined, with a fifth company (Generate Biomedicines) filing soon after. This marks a significant turnaround from 2025, which saw the lowest number of biotech IPOs in 15 years. The real bellwether is Eikon Therapeutics, led by former Merck R&D head Roger Perlmutter, which represents a platform company using high-end microscopy tools to discover multiple drugs rather than advancing a single asset. Generate Biomedicines' AI-powered drug discovery platform signals that investors are opening doors to these platform-based biotech companies rather than just single-asset stories.

Vaccine Makers Scaling Back Research: Vaccine manufacturers are significantly reducing research and cutting jobs amid policy uncertainty and declining demand. Moderna is reducing late-stage infectious disease studies, laying off staff, and shelving programs for conditions like herpes and Epstein-Barr virus. Venture funding for mRNA-focused companies plummeted from $510 million in 2023 to $174 million in 2025. The FDA initially declined to review Moderna's mRNA flu vaccine over design concerns, though later revisited the decision after an updated application. Flu vaccine distribution is on pace for its lowest level in over a decade, and COVID vaccine sales have fallen significantly. This uncertainty is particularly problematic for infectious disease research, where margins are already thinner than in oncology or specialty drugs.

TrumpRx Drug Pricing Initiative: The White House launched TrumpRx, a website displaying cash prices for 43 brand-name medications negotiated under a "most favored nation" pricing approach, aligning US prices with what other wealthy countries pay. However, a STAT News analysis of over 140 dosages found that for about half the drugs listed, cheaper generics were already available elsewhere through platforms like GoodRx and Mark Cuban's Cost Plus Drugs. In at least 18 cases, consumers could save hundreds of dollars choosing generic versions—for example, Pfizer's Protonix is listed at about $200 for a 30-day supply on TrumpRx, while a generic equivalent costs as little as $6 through Cost Plus Drugs. The site only displays brand-name prices without highlighting generic alternatives, though it does show competitive pricing for certain fertility drugs where most patients pay out of pocket.

Bryan Johnson's $1 Million Longevity Program: Tech entrepreneur Bryan Johnson announced "Immortals," a program charging three participants $1 million per year to follow his exact anti-aging protocol, including continuous biological tracking, concierge medical oversight, advanced interventions, experimental therapies, and 24/7 access to "Brian AI." Johnson has reportedly spent over $2 million annually on his own regimen and built a prominent personal brand in the longevity ecosystem. However, critics note he hasn't published his protocol in peer-reviewed journals, and many biological age claims rely on epigenetic clocks and biomarker panels whose predictive validity remains debated. The program raises concerns about longevity becoming a luxury good, as wealth already correlates with longer life expectancy, though evidence-based longevity drivers like exercise, sleep, and metabolic health remain accessible without million-dollar price tags.

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Political and geopolitical analysis from the world's top experts, hosted by Dan Senor.

How Israel took out Iran's leadership in 1 hour - with Ronen Bergman

Call Me Back - with Dan Senor

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The Opening Strike's Decapitation Strategy: Israel and the US executed a coordinated attack on Iran's leadership during the first minutes of the war, killing at least 40 top Iranian officials including Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei. The strike occurred at 10 minutes past 8am Israel time on Saturday, February 27th, targeting two locations simultaneously - a meeting of intelligence and military officials and Khamenei's compound in the Pastar complex in Tehran. All attendees at the intelligence meeting were killed, and Khamenei's compound was completely destroyed.

Iran's Stunning Intelligence Failure: Despite having experienced similar Israeli attacks during the June "12-day war," Iranian leadership made the inexplicable decision to gather above ground in known locations without taking basic security precautions. They believed Israel wouldn't strike during daylight hours based on past patterns. The Supreme Leader and senior officials remained in their regular compounds with clear identifiers, essentially making themselves easy targets despite knowing a US-Israeli attack was imminent.

Months of Intelligence Gathering and Tracking: Israeli and US intelligence had been tracking Iranian leadership for months using a combination of electronic surveillance, signal intelligence, and cyber capabilities. After Iran discovered and burned Israeli methods of tracking bodyguards' cell phones following the June war, Israeli intelligence had to reinvent its surveillance approaches. They followed key figures 24/7, waiting for an operational opportunity when multiple targets would gather in one location at a known time.

The Black Sparrow Missile Technology: Israel deployed specialized ballistic missiles called Black Sparrow, originally developed as test targets for the Arrow anti-missile defense system. These missiles can be fired from F-15 aircraft at ranges up to 1,500 kilometers, allowing Israeli jets to strike from extreme distances without being detected by Iranian radar. Approximately 30 such missiles were fired at Khamenei's compound alone, with additional missiles targeting the intelligence officials' meeting.

Three-Wave Attack Structure: The operation consisted of three distinct phases - first, the decapitation strike targeting leadership; second, neutralizing remaining Iranian air defenses to create a corridor from the west; and third, a massive air raid involving 200 Israeli aircraft flooding into Iran to attack long-range ballistic missile storage sites, silos, production facilities, and launchers. This represented the largest air operation in Israeli Air Force history.

Accelerated Timeline and Last-Minute Adjustments: The attack date was repeatedly delayed for various reasons - insufficient US forces, Netanyahu requesting more time for Israeli defenses, CENTCOM needing to position more assets, and President Trump allowing time for diplomacy. The final timing was moved from Wednesday to Thursday to Friday, then ultimately to Saturday morning at 8:10am, specifically because intelligence learned of the high-level meeting occurring at that precise time.

Iran's Fragmented Retaliation Capability: Learning from the June war when Israeli strikes decimated Iran's command and control infrastructure, Iran created redundant systems where missile operators could fire immediately upon detecting an attack without waiting for orders. However, their ability to launch coordinated salvos of 30-50 missiles largely failed due to Israel destroying launchers and maintaining unmanned drones hovering over Iranian airspace that could immediately strike exposed launch sites.

Regional Escalation and Iranian Desperation: Iran fired missiles at neighboring Gulf states including the UAE, Bahrain, and Qatar in an apparent attempt to pressure these countries to convince President Trump to halt operations. This strategy appears to have backfired, potentially drawing countries like Saudi Arabia into more direct involvement against Iran rather than prompting them to advocate for de-escalation.

Casualty Impact on Israeli Home Front: Iranian missile strikes killed nine Israelis in Beit Shemesh on Sunday and one in Tel Aviv on Saturday, with another strike injuring three in Jerusalem. These civilian casualties demonstrate Israel's concern that sustained missile attacks on the home front could limit how long the war can continue, making the destruction of Iran's ballistic missile infrastructure in the opening strike strategically critical.

Iranian Public Reaction and Regime Change Dynamics: Videos show large crowds of Iranians celebrating Khamenei's death in the streets, playing music, dancing, and chanting "freedom" along with occasional pro-US slogans. Similar celebrations occurred among Iranian expats in European cities. However, the regime involves over one million people employed by the Basij or IRGC who depend on it for their livelihoods, suggesting regime change won't be straightforward despite public opposition.

Succession Planning and Regime Continuity: Israeli intelligence believes Iran's leadership council will move quickly to appoint Khamenei's son Mujtaba as the next Supreme Leader, despite Khamenei himself having opposed dynastic succession. The regime seeks to demonstrate continuity and stability, though the circumstances of Khamenei's death rather than a natural transition create uncertainty about the regime's future cohesion.

The Unanswered Endgame Question: Neither US nor Israeli officials have a clear answer to what constitutes success or when operations will conclude. President Trump called on Iranians to take to the streets, but if the regime responds with violence to protests, it raises questions about potential US intervention. The lack of a defined exit strategy or "day after" plan represents a significant strategic uncertainty as the conflict continues.

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Lauryn Evarts Bosstick & Michael Bosstick, the entrepreneurial duo behind Dear Media & The Skinny Confidential have been interviewing the world's most accomplished individuals for close to a decade. Think world class leaders, entrepreneurs, doctors, celebrities, athletes, executives, bestselling authors, experts, & more. Every episode offers unfiltered conversations with tangible takeaways, advice, & actionable practices the listener or viewer can apply immediately to enhance their own lives. Tune in every week as the couple explore some of the most impressive minds this world has to offer while asking the questions you care about. New episodes every Monday, Wednesday, Friday.

Josh Duhamel On Fame, Hormones, Fatherhood, Longevity, & Finding His Way Back

The Skinny Confidential Him And Her Show

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Breaking Through Fear in Acting: Josh Duhamel describes his early acting career, starting from modeling and moving to North Dakota to Los Angeles. His breakthrough moment came during an audition for a student film adaptation of The Picture of Dorian Gray, where he had to "lose it" emotionally on camera. This was when he overcame his fear of being vulnerable in front of people and the camera, realizing he could actually do this for a living. He emphasizes that the hardest part of acting isn't memorizing lines—it's living freely and openly without making it look like you're acting.

Navigating Fame from Small-Town Roots: Coming from North Dakota, Josh's rise to fame was more gradual than it appeared from the outside. He spent three years on the soap opera "All My Children," which served as a boot camp for understanding media and learning his craft on a smaller scale. This allowed him to make mistakes without them being too damaging. He credits his solid group of friends and staying close to his North Dakota roots for keeping him grounded, noting that fame itself "isn't real" and can be the death of a career if you start believing it.

Returning to North Dakota: After initially being eager to leave North Dakota, Josh eventually fell back in love with his home state and now lives there with his wife Audra. He explains that you have to leave to really appreciate your roots. North Dakota reminds him of Texas—very salt-of-earth people you can trust. Meeting his wife Audra, who is also from the area and very family-oriented, helped him reconnect with the wholesome qualities he values. They now split time between Fargo and a cabin property in Minnesota.

Life at the Cabin Compound: Josh describes his 26-acre property in Minnesota with multiple cabins that started as an old hunting cabin with no electricity or water and an outhouse. Over 17 years, he's developed it into his "happy place"—a compound with three cabins, a beach he built, and storage for his tractors and four-wheelers. He spends his days there fixing things, teaching his kids, and being self-sufficient, located 40 miles from the nearest store. This has forced him to learn practical skills he didn't grow up with.

Meeting His Wife Audra: Josh met his wife at a barbecue he hosted, initially thinking she was too young for him. What caught his attention was watching her take care of the kids at the party, making sure they had enough goldfish crackers. This wholesome quality reminded him of home and the kind of woman he wanted to be with, different from his previous relationships in LA. They've now been together for seven years and married for three, with a two-year-old child together.

Launching Gatlin for Men's Health: Josh founded Gatlin, a men's health and wellness company offering telemedicine services for hormone optimization and peptide therapy. He kept his use of testosterone and peptides a secret for years out of shame, but realized these treatments had massively improved his life. At 53, he feels better than he did in his 20s and 30s. He decided to shine a light on men's health, teaching men it's okay to talk about these issues and get their levels tested. The company is also expanding into women's health.

Josh's Personal Wellness Stack: He takes NAD (injected with an insulin needle) for longevity, skin, and hair; ipamorelin and tessamorelin compound as a synthetic HGH promoter; the "Wolverine stack" (BPC-157, TB-500, KPV, and GH-KU) for joint health and injury recovery; and testosterone replacement therapy via Kaisetrex pills taken twice daily to maintain steady levels rather than the weekly injection spikes.

The Wolverine Stack for Recovery: The Wolverine peptide stack combines four compounds that help with joint health, injury recovery, skin regeneration, and hair growth. Josh notes that athletes are recovering from injuries like Achilles tears in half the time they used to because of peptides like these. The stack is beneficial not just for aesthetics but for overall wellness and maintaining strength as you age.

Daily Health Practices: Beyond peptides, Josh does a daily green smoothie (kale, spinach, apple, banana, pear, and water—a recipe from nutritionist Kim Snyder that he's followed for 10 years), uses a cold plunge, practices hot yoga, does weight training and cardio, and emphasizes being outside. He stresses that supplements alone aren't enough—you need good habits and a consistent regimen to fully optimize health.

The Importance of Strength Training with Age: Josh emphasizes that lifting weights is non-negotiable for maintaining muscle and bone density as you age. He warns against becoming "skinny fat" from weight loss without strength training. He saw this with his own father, who stopped lifting in his 80s and experienced a noticeable decline, though Josh's dad is now back at it. Maintaining muscle isn't just aesthetic—it's essential for overall wellness and functional ability as you get older.

Managing Technology with Kids: Josh's 12-year-old son Axel doesn't have a phone yet, though he desperately wants one. Josh acknowledges his son loves his iPad and YouTube can be a "vortex" for kids. His approach is moderation rather than complete restriction, believing that repressing something too much makes kids want it more. He monitors screen time carefully while ensuring his kids have plenty of other activities, especially outdoor time at the cabin.

The Transformers Legacy: Josh reflects on working with Michael Bay on the Transformers franchise, doing five of the films. He initially thought remaking the 1980s cartoon was a terrible idea until Bay showed him the reimagined artwork. The films were about more than robots—at their core, they were about a boy's first love and first car. A recent Instagram post of the original cast (himself, Megan Fox, Shia LaBeouf, John Voight, and John Turturro) became one of his biggest posts, sparking speculation about the franchise's return.

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A deeper look into golf improvement. Adam Young and Jon Sherman provide real, actionable game-improvement advice for golfers of all levels. If you want to take your game to the next level, this is the podcast for you.

What Can You Control In Golf?

The Sweet Spot - Golf Podcast

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Preparation is Within Your Control: The biggest controllable factor off the course is how you practice. Quality practice with a plan, including swing maintenance, exploratory work, N1 testing, and simulating game conditions will help you reach your potential faster. Additional preparation includes studying golf courses before playing (using apps like The Grint or satellite imagery), developing a strategic plan for club selection and target choice, getting your body ready through mobility and strength training, and managing your nutrition and hydration properly.

Pre-Shot and Post-Shot Routines Are Critical: Your routine on the course is one of the most controllable elements of your game. Research shows that consistent routines correlate with better performance and earnings among professional golfers. The key is not spending more time, but maintaining the same timing and components regardless of pressure. Your routine should have rhythm and consistency, helping you get into an autopilot state rather than overthinking. When pressure increases, resist the urge to speed up or slow down your routine.

Managing Reactions and Emotions: How you respond to good and bad shots is within your control. The framework involves internalizing good shots and taking ownership of them while objectifying poor results through non-emotional analysis (the "Spock method"). After bad shots, focus on gathering factual information about what went wrong (strike location, ground contact, ball flight) rather than dwelling on emotions. This analytical approach helps you learn and improve rather than spiraling into negativity.

Gratitude and Overall Mindset: You can control your attitude toward the game, including gratitude for being able to play and placing emphasis on enjoyment. Taking mental snapshots of the beauty of the course and enjoying conversations with playing partners are choices you can make. This mindset shift becomes increasingly important as you mature in the game and helps sustain long-term enjoyment even when scores don't cooperate.

Variability in Your Skill Level is Uncontrollable: Day-to-day and even shot-to-shot variability in your technique is inevitable and largely outside your control. Even tour professionals can have 15-shot differences between their best and worst rounds of the year. Face control and ground contact are particularly variable and sensitive—small changes (even an eighth of an inch in ground contact) can dramatically affect outcomes. While you can influence patterns through training, you cannot fully control these minute movements in the moment.

The Biology of Control Has Limits: From a motor learning perspective, the more you consciously think about movements, the less consistent they become. Thinking is useful for changing movements, but consistency comes from more automatic execution. Even elite players practicing 10 hours daily for 30 years still have 60-yard dispersion with drivers. This demonstrates fundamental biological limits on control—we all have a "low level of Parkinson's" where we cannot precisely control fine motor skills no matter how hard we try.

Environmental Factors Are Beyond Your Influence: The universe—including wind, terrain, temperature, altitude, and random bounces—is completely outside your control. Wind can change direction mid-flight, balls can hit cart paths and bounce out of bounds, or land in divots in the fairway. These events feel personal but are simply physics and probability. Green imperfections may account for 50% of missed putts beyond certain distances, and even robots show 40-foot dispersion circles at 200 yards.

Golf Ball and Equipment Imperfections Matter: Golf balls are not perfectly symmetrical inside, and manufacturing variations create imbalances that affect roll and flight. The number of grass blades trapped between clubface and ball can significantly alter spin and distance. Mud on the ball affects flight predictably (mud on the right typically makes the ball go left). Even shaft response varies slightly with each swing, though new technologies aim to reduce this variability.

Bad Luck is More Probable Than Good Luck: Mathematically, there are more ways for things to go wrong than right. Around any target location, there are roughly 270 degrees where the ball could end up farther from the hole and only 90 degrees where it could get closer. Understanding this probability helps you accept the "unfairness" of golf—it's not personal, it's just statistics playing out over time.

Scoring Variability Must Be Accepted: Your scores will vary within a range based on your skill level, and you cannot control which version of your game shows up on any given day. The most important improvement often happens at the upper end—reducing your worst scores rather than lowering your best ones. A player who reduces their worst score from 95 to 90 is improving their handicap meaningfully, even if their best rounds stay the same.

Intervention Strategies Have Their Place: You can control when to intervene after bad shots versus letting them go. One system involves letting the first bad shot go, but intervening after two in a row or three out of five showing the same pattern. For certain patterns like shanks that tend to repeat, quicker intervention may be warranted. Knowing when to analyze versus when to move on is a controllable skill.

The Wisdom of Letting Go: Paradoxically, letting go of control can help you gain more control. When you stop trying to force outcomes and accept the game's inherent variability, you free up mental energy and attention for the things you actually can control. Squeezing harder on uncontrollable elements only leads to frustration and poor performance. As the "great philosopher Forrest Gump" said: shit happens—and accepting this is fundamental to playing better golf.

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Every Monday morning step into the office of iconic psychotherapist Esther Perel and listen in as real people in search of insight bare the raw, intimate, and profound details of their stories. From breakups and open relationships to workplace conflicts and fractures in the family, it’s a place to hear our own stories reflected in the lives of others. So…where should we begin? Part of the Vox Media Podcast Network.

Can We Repair After a 25 Year Affair?

Where Should We Begin? with Esther Perel

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An Arranged Marriage Confronts a 25-Year Affair: A couple in their 40s, married through an arranged engagement as teenagers, immigrated to the United States and built what appeared to be a perfect life—successful business, family, community standing. Six months ago, the wife's longstanding suspicion was confirmed: her husband had been involved in a 25-year affair with her younger cousin, someone she had treated like a sister and helped when she came to America. The wife now grapples with whether to continue the marriage, while the husband expresses remorse but struggles to fully engage in repair.

Cultural Context Shapes the Response to Betrayal: In their cultural framework, marriage is a lifelong commitment between two families, not just two individuals, and divorce is traditionally unacceptable. The wife is reluctant to tell others about the affair because she doesn't want her husband to be looked down upon or herself to be pitied, despite having what everyone perceives as "the perfect life." This creates a complex dilemma where she holds the secret of his secret, protecting both his reputation and the entire family system.

The Long Shadow of Suspicion and Denial: The affair began around the year 2000 when the cousin was living with them. The wife caught early signs—he would only help the cousin with errands, they disappeared together during a Diwali celebration—and confronted him multiple times over 25 years. Each time he denied and lied, even when caught texting her. The wife lived in a state of constant suspicion, monitoring his movements and having dreams about him marrying the cousin, but he consistently dismissed her concerns.

The Painful Paradox of Knowing Versus Not Knowing: Esther explains that sometimes people live with a sense rather than translating it into full knowledge because knowing demands action. The wife expresses the contradictory feeling that sometimes she wishes she never found out, yet also feels relieved to no longer be tracing his movements. The lies hurt her more than the relationship itself—the constant denial when confronted was deeply disturbing and created ongoing trauma.

The Husband's Dissociation and Awakening: The husband admits he was shocked to realize how much pain his lies caused, saying he didn't understand "the trauma situation" his actions created until recently. He describes being seduced by someone who made him feel wanted and needed—his mistress was fatherless and he played a paternal, helping role. Esther challenges him to understand why he was susceptible to this dynamic, introducing the concept of the "sugar dad" and the eroticized helping relationship.

The Pattern of Withdrawal and Emotional Absence: When the wife tells her story of pain, the husband physically withdraws—looking away, bracing himself, waiting for it to end rather than engaging with her emotionally. Esther directly confronts this pattern, instructing him to turn toward his wife, remove the pillows between them, take her hand, and actively comfort her rather than retreating into shame. His passive stance of "whatever you decide is fine" further distances him rather than fighting for the relationship.

The Split Between Duty and Desire: Throughout the marriage, there has been a fundamental division between the responsible, tight, fearful husband at home and the bold, playful lover with his mistress. The husband believed his wife was only performing her "wifely duty" sexually and didn't enjoy intimacy, so he didn't feel permission to be playful with her. The wife counters that she couldn't enjoy intimacy knowing he had someone else in his life for all those years.

The Hotel Room as Symbol of Chosen Love: The wife's complaint that her husband took his mistress to hotels but never once booked a hotel for her in 40 years of marriage represents more than pettiness—it's about the erotic betrayal and wanting to feel chosen. Esther emphasizes that affairs are not just attachment injuries but romantic betrayals, and the wife's jealousy is actually a positive energy that wants something, a counterforce to pure victimhood.

The Absence of Playfulness and Initiative: The husband has never planned anything romantic for his wife, never made reservations or initiated dates. He rationalized this by saying she's a better planner and very particular about what she wants, creating a dynamic where he's on strike and she's complaining. Meanwhile, he had no problem taking initiative with his mistress, highlighting the split between marital duty and extramarital play.

From Arranged Marriage to Chosen Marriage: Esther reframes their situation using her concept that people today have two or three marriages in a lifetime, sometimes with the same person. She suggests that after their arranged marriage, they now have the opportunity for a chosen marriage. The wife references hearing Esther say this before and finds it hopeful—it offers a dignified way to re-engage rather than simply trying to repair what was broken.

Dating as a Path Forward: Since they never dated before marriage, Esther prescribes dating as a practice. She challenges the husband to take 10% of the initiative and imagination people bring to affairs and apply it to the marriage. The wife has been doing all the effort to plan and connect, and she's exhausted. Esther warns that every time he thinks "I don't have to make a reservation because she's a better planner," he adds another brick to the marital graveyard.

Breaking the Stalemate of Resentment: The wife feels she has tried and done everything while he hasn't initiated anything, leading her to consider just living parallel lives until one of them dies. The husband feels he has no right to ask for anything given his betrayal. Esther challenges both of them—he needs to show up and fight for the relationship rather than capitulating to shame, and she needs to be gracious and receive his efforts rather than insisting everything be done exactly her way.

A Commitment to Reconnection: By the end of the session, the husband tells his wife he's tired of living a double life and commits to her, asking to remarry her in the way Esther described. He says he misses the laughter and connection they used to have and wants to rebuild it. The fundamental question remains whether he realized this too late, but the session opens the possibility that they could transform their relationship from one defined by roles and duty to one of genuine choice and desire.

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The latest news in five minutes. Updated hourly.

NPR News: 03-02-2026 2AM EST

NPR News Now

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Hezbollah-Israel Escalation: Hezbollah has launched rockets and drones at northern Israel, with Israel responding with strikes throughout Lebanon that have killed at least 31 people. The Iranian-backed militia claims this is retaliation for the killing of Iran's supreme leader and responds to 15 months of Israeli strikes on Hezbollah. Israel is not evacuating northern residents but is reinforcing border troops, while ordering Lebanese civilians to evacuate southern Lebanon.

Joint U.S.-Israeli Operation in Iran: President Trump confirmed that three U.S. servicemembers were killed during an ongoing joint U.S.-Israeli military operation in Iran, warning that more deaths are likely before objectives are achieved. Combat operations remain in full force, with satellite imagery revealing significant damage to Iranian military facilities including mountain tunnel entrances near Tabriz, warships at a naval base, and a drone base destroyed by airstrikes over the past 48 hours.

Regional Protests and Violence in Pakistan: Demonstrators in Pakistan attempted to storm the U.S. Consulate and attacked UN and government offices in the north, resulting in at least 22 deaths and over 120 injuries. The protesters support Iran and oppose U.S. and Israeli strikes on Iranian territory.

Afghanistan-Pakistan Border Conflict: Afghanistan reportedly used anti-aircraft fire and missile defense systems to stop a Pakistani air attack on an air base near Kabul. The fighting follows Afghanistan's cross-border raid on Thursday, with Pakistan claiming Afghanistan provides safe haven for militants attacking Pakistani territory.

Russian Oil Tanker Seized: Belgium and France intercepted a Russian oil tanker suspected of being part of Moscow's "shadow fleet" that transports oil in violation of international sanctions. The ship, sailing under a false Guinean flag with falsified documents, is being detained in a Belgian port for further investigation.
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Guy Raz interviews the world’s best-known entrepreneurs to learn how they built their iconic brands. In each episode, founders reveal deep, intimate moments of doubt and failure, and share insights on their eventual success.&nbsp;How I Built This&nbsp;is a master-class on innovation, creativity, leadership and how to navigate challenges of all kinds.New episodes release on Mondays and Thursdays. Listen to How I Built This on the Wondery App or wherever you listen to your podcasts. You can listen early and ad-free on Wondery+. Join Wondery+ in the Wondery App, Apple Podcasts or Spotify. Start your free trial by visiting <a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/wondery.com/links/how-i-built-this__;!!Iwwt!TPYC72r8s6g5pqTAymU1ff7EC87P552W_4_wwb1hYkwqLWwoiq0XxR27x2hcIAdeJRTr8YNlIUrHpA$" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">wondery.com/links/how-i-built-this</a> now. Get your How I Built This merch at <a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__http:/wonderyshop.com/HowIBuiltThis__;!!Iwwt!TPYC72r8s6g5pqTAymU1ff7EC87P552W_4_wwb1hYkwqLWwoiq0XxR27x2hcIAdeJRTr8YPBl1-VVw$" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">WonderyShop.com/HowIBuiltThis</a>.

Kettle Chips: Cameron Healy. The Wild Bet That Made a Brand

How I Built This with Guy Raz

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From Sikh Community to Natural Foods Distribution: In the early 1970s, Cameron Healy joined a Sikh community in Salem, Oregon, living communally and adhering to strict practices like waking at 3 a.m. for yoga and meditation. His unconventional appearance made traditional employment difficult, so he started distributing natural foods using a refrigerated truck, eventually building a small business distributing products from Seattle to Southern Oregon. However, in 1978, he was fired from the communal businesses he had helped create, leaving him with four children and no income.

Starting Over with Nuts and a Risky Bet: After being dismissed, Cameron secured a $10,000 working capital loan from a local banker (sweetened with Mount Bachelor ski passes) to start NS Khalsa Company, initially distributing cheese and nuts. He purchased a 1930s dry roaster and began roasting peanuts for natural food stores. In 1980, he made a bold speculation on peanut contracts after learning about a crop failure, and when peanut prices tripled, he made $25,000 per truckload selling his contracts, which finally capitalized his struggling business.

Hawaiian Inspiration Leads to Kettle Chips: In 1982, Cameron read about the Maui Potato Chip Company in the Wall Street Journal and traveled to Hawaii to investigate. He discovered the owner was importing potatoes from Klamath Falls, Oregon, which sparked the realization that he could make similar thick-cut, hand-cooked chips from his Oregon base. This led him to create Kettle Chips, though he nearly named them "Pot Chips" before everyone convinced him it was a terrible idea.

Trial-and-Error Manufacturing Process: Cameron and his team learned to make kettle chips through pure experimentation, using oil fryers they already had for roasting nuts. They discovered that potatoes behaved unpredictably compared to nuts, with each load frying differently. They chose russet Burbank potatoes for their high natural sugars and flavor, hand-feeding them into four-foot vats of hot oil at night after the factory finished making nuts during the day, initially producing only 40 cases per night.

The Safeway Disaster and Near-Death Experience: In early 1983, Safeway Northern California placed a large order requiring a second shift, but the product arrived with rancid oil due to poor fryer oil management. Cameron was literally boarding a flight to India when he learned the entire truckload was rejected. During the crisis, his wife fell asleep at the wheel driving back from Seattle, and their car rolled across I-5, miraculously leaving the family uninjured but jolting Cameron out of his depression about the business.

The Unconventional UK Expansion Strategy: In 1987, during a motorcycle trip through Europe with his 19-year-old son, Cameron met Tim Meyer, an American banker living in London. Despite being a tiny regional brand doing only $4.5 million in sales and having no presence on the US East Coast, Cameron decided to launch Kettle Chips in the UK—5,000 miles away—believing the British "crisp" culture and emerging health consciousness would embrace his product.

Testing the UK Market with Train Station Convenience Stores: Cameron and Tim conducted minimal market research, placing free product in three London train station convenience stores and interviewing managers about customer response. All the chips sold out the first weekend with positive feedback, which became the entire basis for their decision to launch in the UK market—a remarkably bold move given the limited data.

The Nerve-Wracking UK Launch and Royal Endorsement: After launching in the UK in 1989, initial orders were small and then went completely quiet, causing Cameron to "sweat bullets" as he had bet the entire company on this expansion. In June, word-of-mouth suddenly "switched on" and orders flooded in, with all five major UK supermarket chains calling in the same week. The brand received unexpected publicity when Princess Diana was photographed with Kettle Chips in her grocery bag, and TV host Ruby Wax ate them on her show without being paid.

UK Success Surpasses US Sales: The UK market became a rocket ship for Kettle Chips, very quickly surpassing US sales despite the company being based in Salem, Oregon. Cameron and Tim set premium prices in the UK—higher than Cameron would have chosen—which helped the company achieve profitability faster and self-fund its rapid expansion. The sophisticated sales experience gained in the UK later helped the company successfully expand across the US East Coast.

Launching Kona Brewing While Running Kettle: In 1993, during another Hawaii vacation, Cameron had an epiphany about living part-time on a specific bay in South Kona. Inspired by his love of craft beer (discovered in English pubs) and seeing no craft breweries in Hawaii, he started Kona Brewing with his son Spoon in 1995. This meant Cameron was simultaneously running Kettle operations in Oregon and the UK while launching a beer company in Hawaii, requiring constant travel between locations.

Years of Losses Before Kona Turned Profitable: Kona Brewing lost $20,000 per month for several years, with Cameron covering the losses. His son eventually left the business, and Cameron recruited new management who made the key decision to move bottling operations to the mainland through a contract producer, since manufacturing in Hawaii was prohibitively expensive. The brewery finally became profitable in January 1999, three years after facing its worst financial struggles.

Bringing in Professional Management and Private Equity: By the early 2000s, Kettle was doing $100 million in sales, but Cameron and Tim were still the entire board of directors, making decisions in pubs and restaurants. Recognizing they needed professional guidance to scale further, they sold a third of the company to Catterton Partners, a private equity firm specializing in consumer brands, and recruited a global CEO to implement comprehensive strategic planning.

The $320 Million Exit and Subsequent Sales: In 2006, after 27 years building the business and achieving 50% growth under new management, Cameron and Tim sold Kettle Foods to Lion Capital for over $300 million while still owning 67% of the company. They declined to serve as advisors because they didn't want to "sit in the back of the bus." Lion Capital later sold the brand for over $600 million in 2010, and it eventually became part of Campbell's $5 billion acquisition of Snyder's-Lance.

Spending Down the Foundation by 2029: With the wealth from selling Kettle and Kona Brewing, Cameron established a foundation focused on environmental issues and domestic abuse. At age 75, he made the unusual decision to have the board vote to spend down the entire $75-80 million endowment by 2029, rather than managing it through his 80s or preparing it for succession, which he described as "turbocharged" philanthropy that won the foundation recognition as Hawaii's outstanding foundation.

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